Preventing pink eye and other virus

The rains came and with them all types of viruses, including conjunctivitis. Bacterial conjunctivitis will require a treatment prescribed by your doctor. But there is another most common form of conjunctivitis, viral. The latter is caused by the same virus that causes cold and often is accompanied by it.

The school aged children are more likely to get viruses and bring them home. The most important thing is prevention: hand washing is key. On the recommendation of my doctor, my daughter has antibacterial gel in her lunch box and cleans her hands before eating her snack. In addition children must also learn not to touch everything in their path and then touching their face.

When they get home from school, the first thing they should do is take off the uniform and take a good shower. Thus, the germs that are stuck on clothing, face and arms of children, also will not be hanging around the house.

If, despite all this, your school-age child caught a virus, try to avoid the spread at home, especially if you also have a baby. Again hand washing, right after taking care of the sick child (children) and just before preparing food or caring for other family members.

Wash sheets in hot water and spray Lysol on household surfaces not easily cleaned, such as chairs. Wash eating utensils with hot water. And finally, clean the kitchen surfaces with disinfectant wipes or chlorine.

The Panamanian Camels

Two new extinct species of camel have been found by scientists working around the construction of the Panama Canal expansion project. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute were given a five-year window of opportunity to excavate areas set aside for the Panama Canal expansions plans. Since 2009, and with the help of funding from the National Science Foundation, University of Florida paleontologists and geologists have been working with the Panama Canal Authority and the Smithsonian. The new camel species are the first major finding announced by the team and were published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.

The discovery by Florida Museum of Natural History researchers extends the distribution of mammals to their southernmost point in the ancient tropics of Central America, being the first published description of a fossil mammal discovered in Panama.

The tropics contain some of the world’s most important ecosystems, including rain forests that regulate climate systems and serve as a vital source of food and medicine, yet little is known of their history because usually the lush vegetation prevents paleontological excavations. “We’re discovering this fabulous new diversity of animals that lived in Central America that we didn’t even know about before,” Bruce MacFadden, co-author of the study, said. “The family originated about 30 million years ago and they”re found widespread throughout North America, but prior to this discovery, they were unknown south of Mexico,” he said.

Researchers described two species of ancient camels that are also the oldest mammals found in Panama – Aguascalietia panamaensis and Aguascalientia minuta. The study shows that despite Central America’s close proximity to South America, there was no connection between continents because these (and other) mammals that roamed the area 20 million years ago all had North American origins. According to MacFadden, the Isthmus of Panama formed around 15 million years later and that the first opportunity that animals had to cross to South America was around 2.5 to 3 million years ago.

Rainy season in Panama

For those of you who arrived to the beautiful Isthmus of Panama during the dry season (December through March) and have enjoyed all the wonderful activities that this country has to offer, you might e in for quiet a surprise when the rainy season begins.

You see during the months of April through October (give or take) it rains a lot and what seems today, February like a harmless highway or a peaceful beach could turn in to a hazardous place that needs you to pay attention and be cautious in order to avoid difficult and even dangerous situations.

The following is a list of recommendations and suggestions to follow during this soon to come rainy season in Panama.

1. Invest in a very good umbrella, believe me, you are going to need it.

2. Please keep in mind that it might be sunny and bright at 11:00 am and a thunder storm might cover the city at 11:45, that’s’ how sudden and unexpected the rain showers are, be prepared.

3. Check tires and windshield wipers on your vehicle. You do not want to find out that they are not working in the middle of the rain.

4. Follow the weather broadcasts and if you plan to go out fishing or swimming, please check the tide and warnings that are often provided by the Servicio de Proteccion Civil (Civil Protection service).

5. What might seem like a perfectly safe place to park your car when it’s sunny could actually be a flood zone. Please take precautions and be on the lookout for signs that it might be one.

6. If you don’t have a dryer, it might be a good idea to purchase one soon, air drying laundry in the rainy season can be a complicated task.

7. Traffic in Panama city is currently a bit of a nightmare, right? Well, brace yourself, rain makes it twice as bad.

Expanded Panama Canal to Offer Environmental Benefits

Paul Stott, a marine engineering lecturer at Newcastle University, UK has just published a report in which he examines the potential environmental benefits of the current Panama Canal expansion works. The report, published in the International Journal of Maritime Engineering, perhaps surprisingly, predicts that the widened canal could dramatically reduce the environmental footprint of the world’s shipping.

The Panama Canal is currently about half-way through completing its major expansion project. By 2014 (the 100th anniversary of the canal’s opening) ships with a beam of up to 49 meters will be able to travel through the 82-kilometer channel, a significant increase on the current 32.2-meter limit. The beam limit, known in the maritime as “Panamax” will have knock-on effects throughout the shipping industry.

The impacts will be felt beyond just the ships that actually use the canal. Approximately 45% of all larger seagoing vessels built in the last 10 years conformed to the Panamax constraint because, despite the fact that many of these ships may never go near the Panama Canal, their value is based on their ability to do so. “The size of the benefit is much larger than one might think based solely on the canal’s traffic statistics; it has to be viewed in the context of the whole fleet,” says Stott.

However, the industry has just been through a huge boom in building ships, so it could take a while to transition to more efficient hull designs. But, says Stott, “because we built too many ships, freight rates are poor; as a result, the 16% cost savings could, paradoxically, provide enough incentive for ship owners to buy newer, more efficient boats”.

Larger ships will enable the transport of more goods in fewer trips, realizing economies of scale, and larger beams will facilitate the design of more efficient vessel hulls. Overall, Scott predicts that the savings in fuel and emissions could be as great as 16% per tonne-mile. A 16% improvement in efficiency is significant given that the International Maritime Organization estimates that, without major steps to reduce emissions, shipping will be responsible for 12–18% of global emissions of carbon dioxide by 2050.

Haiti and Panama Build Links

A recent mission by the Haitian President Michel Martelly, his Minister of Foreign Affairs, Laurent Lamothe and the Minister of Tourism, Stéphanie Balmir Villedrouin, held a series of meetings with officials of the Panamanian Government and private sector representatives on February 6th.

They began the day with an official reception at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs where the Chancellor Roberto Enriquez received the Chief of the Haitian state with full ceremonial honors. A ministerial working meeting in the presence of various representatives of the Government of Panama followed the ceremony. During this meeting President Martelly and Minister Lamothe discussed various bilateral issues, including topics related to the travels of Haitians to Panama. Several agreements were signed.

The Panamanian President Ricardo Alberto Martinelli, signed a presidential decree reducing the cost of visas for Haitian citizens wishing to visit Panama from $1000 to $50 and the waiting period from four months to just seven days. This is a good news for the Haitian traders who travel to Panama to purchase their stock. Additionally, President Martelly discussed business opportunities and the promotion of tourism in Haiti.

The Haitian and Panamanian chancellors signed an agreement which will help protect Panamanian companies operating in Haiti and vice versa. This agreement should also allow and encourage more direct foreign investment in Haiti and the creation of sustainable jobs. Both ministers also signed a technical assistance agreement in the fields of agriculture, trade, tax collection, promotion of investments, social security and management of ports and airports.

After the meeting, the Haitian delegation attended a lunch hosted by President Martinelli, where the two Heads of State reiterated and reinforced their commitment to strengthen their collaboration and finalized the details for the opening of an Embassy of Panama in Haiti. The two leaders also discussed issues concerning Panamanian investment in infrastructure and the technical assistance in the reconstruction of ports and airports.

In the afternoon, the President and his delegation visited the Miraflores Locks at the Panama Canal, where the president was given the honor of opening the locks to allow the passage of a ship. The delegation then went on to the Chamber of Commerce of Panama to discuss business opportunities and investment to Panamanian companies in Haiti, before continuing on to meetings and then a dinner with Panamanian business representatives.

Copa Airlines

Copa Airlines, with its base at Tocumen International Airport, serves as Panama’s flag-carrier. Originally formed as the Compañía Panameña de Aviación, S.A. In 1944, COPA began operations with the opening of Tocumen International Airport in 1947. Founded by a group of Panamanian businessmen, helped by a 32% stake taken by Pan American, COPA has grown from a small domestic carrier to a major international airline, and will become a full member of the Star Alliance network during 2012.

COPA began operations out of Tocumen with domestic flights using a small fleet of Douglas DC-3 and Douglas C-47 aircraft, then (and for a long time) the workhorse of small airlines all over the world. The airline started its first international flights in the 1960s when it launched a service with 3 weekly flights to San Jose, Costa Rica. In 1969, COPA acquired its first AVRO 748 (later Hawker Siddeley HS 748s), an aircraft specifically designed to replace the DC3 and provide services to rough landing strips, and launched a service to Kingston, Jamaica, followed by Nicaragua and Colombia. In the 1970s the network expanded with new destinations in Colombia, San Salvador and Guatemala, in 1971 the airline became entirely Panamanian owned. In the late 1970s, COPA acquired its first Boeing 737 jet airliner and discontinued its domestic routes to concentrate on international flights.

The 1980s saw the collapse of Air Panama, COPA’s only serious competitor, in trouble for some time, the company’s last airliner was damaged during the US invasion and never flew again. COPA expanded further during the 1980s, adding destinations throughout the Caribbean and South America. Further expansion in the 1990s was helped by Continental Airlines who acquired a stake in the company. In 2000 services to North America were started and COPA bought its first non-Boeing jets, when the company introduced the Embraer 190 on some routes.

COPA have won numerous industry awards and have a high customer satisfaction index. The airline currently offers more than 280 daily scheduled flights to 59 destinations in 28 countries in North, Central and South America, and the Caribbean using a fleet of 73 aeroplanes (with a large order for new Boeing 737s expected to start being delivered in 2014).

The Bridge of the Americas

 

In response to the growth of motorised transport in the twentieth century, and the efforts to inaugurate a Trans-American Highway, various stop-gap measures were introduced by the US Canal authority. The first semi-permanent link capable of carrying vehicles was a ferry link provided by the Panama Canal Mechanical Division. Two ferries, the Presidente Amador and Presidente Washington were built and entered service in August 1931, carrying passengers and vehicles across the canal. In August 1940, another similar service started, linking US military installations on either side of the canal. On June 3, 1942, the Miraflores swing bridge opened, but like the ferries, this did not provide a permanent link. In November 1942 another ferry, the Presidente Porras, was added in response to the increase in vehicular traffic.

The idea of a bridge spanning the Canal had been around almost as long as the canal itself, and in 1923, provision of a permanent bridge became official Panamanian government policy and was identified as a priority. However, it was not until the Remón-Eisenhower treaty between Panama and the US was signed in 1955, that the US finally made a commitment to build the bridge. The $20,000,000 contract was awarded to John F. Beasly & Company. The Thatcher Ferry Bridge opened on October 12th 1962 at a cost of US$20 million. The bridge crosses the Pacific approach to the Panama Canal at the port of Balboa, near Panama City. The bridge is 1,654m in length, with the main span being 344m long. At its highest point, it is 117 metres above sea level, and provides 61.3 metres of clearance over the canal (at high tide).

The Americans always officially called it the ‘Thatcher Ferry Bridge’, although unofficially, many (including a US Under-secretary of State in his speech during the opening ceremony) referred to it as the ‘Bridge of the Americas’. In Panama it has always been known as the Bridge of the Americas, a name that was made official in a National Assembly Resolution of October 2, 1962. The resolution reading: “The Bridge over the Panama Canal shall bear the name Bridge of the Americas. Said name will be used exclusively to identify said bridge.”

Choosing the Right Dog For You

Buying or adopting a dog is a crucial decision which could affect the lives of you and your family for many years. Over many years, Richard Fifer, having lived with and trained all kinds of dog breeds, from small dog breeds and toy dogs (like his famous schnauzers), through living with larger dog breeds such as a golden retriever, today he understand the importance of choosing the right dog.

When you are choosing a breed of dog, you need to know some very important elements about the dog and its specific traits. These include from the height and weight to important training and obedience skills. After all, keep in mind that you will be living and working with your pet for about a decade, and depending on your lifestyle and your place of home, you may be much better matched to one dog breed over another.

Becoming a great dog owner requires most of the following:

  • A lifelong approach to learning from professionals, through growing old with your pet and trial and error.
  • Exercising your dog.
  • Commitment to safeguarding your dog’s health.
  • Patience
  • Time
Schnauzer dogs

Schnauzer dogs

Flag of the Republic of Panama

The Fifer-Carles family, proud of its Panamanian heritage would like to share with its blog fans a few historic facts on one of its main national symbols:

Panamanian Flag

The Panamanian flag is a rectangle divided into four quarters: the first near the mast top, white with a blue five-pointed star, the second top of the already described below, in red, the first pole near the bottom blue, and the second following it, white with a red star with 5 points.

Panama Flag

Panama Flag

 

The Idea

The Panamanian flag was designed by Manuel Amador Guerrero and was made by Maria De La Ossa de Amador.

Don Manuel E. Amador G. took in consideration for the creation of the flag, the two colors (blue and red) represented by the country’s political parties (the Liberal and Conservative parties). The white symbolizes the peace among both parties. The stars indicated righteousness, power and authority, characteristics of development.

Legal adoption of the Flag

The Constituent Assembly by Act 64 of 1904 provisionally adopted the flag. And final adoption occurred through Act 4 of 1925 created the National Assembly and ratified by Law adoption on March 28, 1941.

History of the flag

Before he designed the Panamanian flag as it is today, Philippe Bunau Varilla, who participated in the plans to achieve the separation of Panama from Colombia created an unoriginal idea for the first flag, one devised on the American model. A pendulum was sewn on it by the wife of Bunau Varilla, red and yellow stripes were placed horizontally instead of white and red like the U.S. flag.  At the top was a rectangular blue in the center with two yellow suns united by a strip of the same color, which, according to its author, symbolized the two continents.

The initial design for the flag was discarded because it seemed to them inappropriate that a foreigner would determine such important symbol for the country. The couple decided to consult Manuel Amador the son of the president, who was recognized as an artist for his drawing skills. With red and blue pens, he outlined the features of the final version of the Panamanian flag still used today.